| Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) is a rare foot and ankle disease, which is closely related to diabetes. Its pathophysiology is not yet understood. The current study suggests that the imbalance of inflammatory factors is the main cause of its pathogenesis. In the past, there were neurovascular theory and neurotrauma theory. The disease is characterized by severe joint destruction and limited mobility. Its clinical classification is based on the affected area of the foot and ankle and imaging results. The modified Eichenhohz staging system is the most widely used in clinical practice, and is helpful in assessing the condition and guiding treatment. The diagnosis of Charcot neuroarthropathy requires a comprehensive review of clinical manifestations and imaging studies. Conventional X-ray cannot rule out early lesions, and CT and MRI should be performed in a timely manner. According to clinical classification, early treatment methods mainly include non-weight-bearing brace protection, short-term anti-resorptive drugs and surgical treatment, etc., to control inflammation and prevent deformity and ulceration; for patients with advanced stage, one or more surgical methods are combined according to the specific conditions of foot damage to restore foot function and avoid amputation. This article systematically discusses the pathophysiology, clinical classification and manifestations, classification and treatment methods of Charcot neuroarthropathy, and provides reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. |
