颈后路单开门椎管扩大术治疗颈椎管狭窄症的研究现状与进展*

颈椎管狭窄症（cervical spinal stenosis，CSS）是中老年人较为常见的疾病，多由发育性颈椎管狭窄、退变性颈椎管狭窄、多节段颈椎间盘突出、颈椎后纵韧带骨化等因素造成，手术方式包括前路手术、后路手术和前后路同期或分期手术，但对于多节段CSS后路手术仍为首选，颈后路单开门椎管扩大成形术就是其中经典手术之一，然而其术后相关的并发症也逐渐引起骨科医生的关注，本文参考国内外研究文献拟从手术减压机制、椎板固定方式、椎板开门方式与术后疗效的关系和术后并发症四个方面对颈后路单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗颈椎管狭窄症的研究现状与进展作一综述，为临床实践提供参考，并对其前景作一展望。

英文摘要:

Cervical spinal stenosis (CSS) is a relatively common disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is mostly caused by the development of cervical spinal stenosis, degenerative cervical spinal stenosis, multi-level cervical disc herniation, and cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. Surgical methods include anterior surgery, posterior surgery, and anterior-posterior surgery or staged surgery, but posterior surgery are still preferred for multi-segment CSS. Posterior cervical single open-door laminoplasty is one of the classic procedures. The related complications after surgery have gradually attracted the attention of orthopedic surgeons. This article refers to the domestic and foreign research literature to be taken from the following aspects: surgical decompression mechanism, fixation, relationship between laminectomy and postoperative outcome and postoperative complications. The research status and progress in the treatment of cervical spinal stenosis by single open-door laminoplasty are reviewed. It provides a reference for clinical practice and gives a perspective on its prospects.

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