| Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive and destructive inflammatory disease of articular cartilage, synovium and its affiliated structures, with joint swelling, chronic pain and limited activity as the main clinical manifestations, causing great trouble to the work and life of patients, and at the same time causing huge social burden. Cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), genes and signaling pathways are considered to be closely related to the production of OA. At the same time, obesity, endocrine diseases, gender, age, hormone levels, and abnormal mechanical stress in joints also play an important role, and various pathogenic factors promote or inhibit each other, therefore the mechanism is very complex. The exploration of the etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is a hot research direction of OA. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of the etiology and pathogenesis of OA, hoping to provide necessary help for the clinical prevention and treatment of OA. |
